For the Component Abuse Challenge our hacker [Tim Williams] observes that N-P-N reads the same way forwards and backwards, so ...

One of the joys of writing up the entries for the 2025 Component Abuse Challenge has come in finding all the different alternative uses for the humble transistor. This building block of all modern ...

Abstract: This paper examines individual radiation effects caused by 110 keV electrons and 170 keV protons, and combined radiation effects induced by 110 keV electrons together with 170 keV protons on ...

First (player): Is a player which is just an arduino buzzer example that can play star wars, simpsons, mission impossible , indiana jons inter alia Second (player example ) : Is intended for using as ...

32 hFE tester This hFE tester is interesting because of its simplicity and because it enables the of both PNP and NPN transistors to be measured. Further- more the measurement is independent of the ...

Abstract: Room-temperature continuous-wave operation of a 1.3-μm npn-AlGaInAs/InP transistor laser is successfully achieved for the first time. A threshold current of 39 mA and an external ...