Extremely thin films of material are used to make everything from potato chip bags to solar cells, and vapor deposition processes are the common techniques used to make thin layers. Vapor deposition ...

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“You can never be too rich or too thin,” the saying goes, and when it comes to coatings, it’s true that thinner is often better. The way to truly thin coatings, ones that are sometimes only a few ...

There are many ways to deposit a nanosized film, in what is termed ‘bottom-up’ deposition methods. Nanosized films can also be produced by top-down approaches—such as lithography or etching—where ...