The film discusses the characteristics and classifications of chordates, a group of animals that includes vertebrates and some simpler forms. Key features of chordates include a pharyngeal breathing ...

According to the data considered by its authors—a team from the University of Sussex (UK) and Lund University ...

Vertebrates produce diverse proteins from single genes, unlike invertebrates. This protein diversity helps vertebrates develop complex organs and cell types. University of St Andrews research offers ...

Scientists have long puzzled over the gap in the fossil record that would explain the evolution of invertebrates to vertebrates. Vertebrates, including fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals, ...

New research from the University of St Andrews has discovered a crucial piece in the puzzle of how all animals with a spine - including all mammals, fish, reptiles and amphibians - evolved. In a paper ...